Home Abstract Introduction
Detection of the S. pneumoniae Interactome Determination of the Orthologous Sequences Y2H Mating Interactions Functional Prediction of Unknown Proteins in S. pneumoniae Enrichment of Accuracy as a Function of Degree Heterogeneity of Functional Prediction
Conservation of Protein Functions
Yeast Two-Hybrid Protocol Orthologous Determination via InParanoid Simpson's S Index

Journal of Comprehensible Results

Wuchty, S., Rajagopala, S. V., Blazie, S. M., Parrish, J. R., Khuri, S., Finley, R. L., & Uetz, P. (2017).
The Protein Interactome of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Bacterial
meta-interactomes Improve Function Predictions
DOI: 10.1128/mSystems.00019-17

Translated by Farhana Khan

Introduction

References

  1. Hennah W, Porteous D (2009). Reif, Andreas, ed. "The DISC1 pathway modulates expression of neurodevelopmental, synaptogenic and sensory perception genes" PLoS ONE 4 (3) e4906.
  2. Mariano, R., Khuri, S., Uetz, P., Wuchty, S. (2016). Local Action with Global Impact: Highly Similar Infection Patterns of Human Viruses and Bacteriophages. mSystems 1(2).
  3. Meier M, Sit RV, Quake SR. 2013. Proteome-wide protein interaction measurements of bacterial proteins of unknown function. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 110:477. .
  4. Remm M, Storm CE, Sonnhammer EL. 2001. Automatic clustering of orthologs and in-paralogs from pairwise species comparisons. PJ Mol Biol 314:1041 1052..
  5. Serebriiskii, Ilya. (2010). Yeast Two-Hybrid System for Studying Protein-Protein Interactions--Stage 1: Construction and Characterization of a Bait Protein. Cold Harbor Springs Protocols.
  6. Sonnhammer EL, Östlund G. InParanoid 8: orthology analysis between 273 proteomes, mostly eukaryotic. Nucleic Acids Res. 2015;43:D234 D239.
  7. Van Criekinge W, Beyaert R. Yeast Two-Hybrid: State of the Art." Biol Proced Online. 1999;2(1-38) .
  8. Vashee S, Kodadek T. The activation domain of GAL4 protein mediates cooperative promoter binding with general transcription factors in vivo." Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1995; 92(23):10683–7. .
Proteins are biomolecules that are composed with various combinations of amino acid chains. Different amino acid combinations will result in different types of proteins with different and contrasting functions. Networks of these proteins work as a system, to simply get a job done (within an organism). A network of proteins will have relationships between these proteins (protein-protein interactions) that will ultimately form a distinct biological complex. An example of this would be the disease that the article focuses on, Pneumococcal disease. This disease definitely includes multiple protein networks that ultimately have different responsibilities in infection, mutations, spreading of symptoms, etc.

It is important to observe the protein networks of any given cell (whether bacterial or not) as these networks can show specifics on the different functions and relationships between proteins in a given cell. Examples of these functions include replication, translation, nucleotide transport, etc.

The image to the right is a graphic of an example protein network (also called an interactome) with genes represented by text in the boxes and interactions noted by the lines between the genes [1 Hennah W, Porteous D, (2009). The DISC1 pathway modulates expression of neurodevelopmental, synaptogenic and sensory perception genes. PLoS ONE 4(3) e4906.]. Graphics like these help many readers understand the relationships between proteins in a given network.

Little is known about the interactome of the human pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae and to get a better understanding of its protein network would contribute to our ability to therapeutically intervene and ultimately find novel antibiotics to thwart any symptoms caused by this disease. In general, many protein interactions are unknown in most species and model organisms, even when they are considered the backbone for numerous cellular activities. A theory of the majority rule exists, where the functions of an unknown protein is hypothesized based on its interaction partners that are found in the protein network, also known as its interactome.


Fig. 2: Example of a protein interactome with interactions noted by lines between the genes.