Department of Biology Life Sciences Building
Virginia Commonwealth University 1000 W. Cary Street
P.O. Box 842012
Richmond, VA 23284-2012 USA
Ph.#: 804-828-0778
Fax#: 804-828-0503
e-mail: gmplunke#vcu.edu [change # to @]
Ph.D. (Botany),Washington State University, 1994.
Dissertation: A Molecular Phylogenetic Approach to the "Family-Pair Dilemma" in Apiales and Cyperales (D.E. Soltis, major professor)
Associate Professor, Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University (2002-present).
Assistant Professor, Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University (1996-2002).
Present Affiliated Positions:
Curator of the Herbarium of Virginia Commonwealth University [VCU].
Research Associate, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
Research Associate, Lewis Ginter Botanical Garden, Richmond, Virginia.
Graduate Faculty, Molecular Biology and Genetics Program, VCU School of Medicine
Fellow, Center for the Study of Biological Complexity, Virginia Commonwealth Univ.
Professional Experience:
Visiting Curator/Professeur, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris. June 2004. June-July 2005.
Visiting Scientist, University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji. Feb-July 2003.
Visiting Scientist, Australian National Herbarium, Canberra, ACT, Australia. January 2003.
Post-doctoral Research Associate, Dept. of Plant Biology, University of Illinois. 1995-1996.
Instructor of Botany and Biology, Washington State University. 1994-1995.
Research Assistant, Phylogenetic Analysis of Apiales using matK sequencing. 1993.
Research Assistant, Phylogenetic Analysis of Juncaceae using rbcL sequencing. 1991-92.
Teaching Assistant, Intro. Botany, Washington State University, Botany Dept. 1990-93.
Teaching Assistant, Systematic Botany, Washington State University, Dept. of Botany. 1991-94.
Teaching Assistant, Intro. Botany, Coll. of William & Mary, Biology Dept. 1989, 1990.
Teaching Assistant, Principles of Biology, Coll. of William & Mary, Biology Dept., 1988-89.
Staff Assistant, New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, Division of Water Resources, Aquatic Biomonitoring Program, Trenton,
N.J. 1987-1988.
Academician, Catholic Academy of Sciences in the USA (2003-present).
Excellence in Scholarship Award, College of Humanities & Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University. 2003.
Phi Kappa Phi, elected as faculty recipient for excellence in scholarship (2002-present).
Publications:
Papers published and in press:
Fiaschi, P., D.G. Frodin, and G.M. Plunkett. Accepted pending minor revisions.
Four new species of the Didymopanax group of Schefflera (Araliaceae) from the Brazilian Amazon.
Brittonia.
Keppel, G., P. Hodgskiss, and G.M. Plunkett. In press.
Cycads in the insular Pacific: dispersal or vicariance? Journal of Biogeography.
Chandler, G.T., G.M. Plunkett, Pinney, S.M., L. Cayzer, and C. Gemmill. 2007.
Molecular and morphological agreement in Pittosporaceae: phylogenetic analysis using nuclear ITS
and plastid trnL-trnF sequence data. Australian Systematic Botany 20: 390-401.
Liu, M., G.M. Plunkett, P.P. Lowry II, B.-E. van Wyk, and P.M. Tilney. 2006.
The taxonomic value of fruit wing types in the order Apiales. American Journal of Botany, in press.
Reid, J.D., G.M. Plunkett, and G.A. Peters. 2006. Phylogenetic relationships in
the heterosporous fern genus Azolla (Azollaceae) based on DNA sequence data from
three non-coding sequence regions. International Journal of Plant Sciences 167: 529-538.
Plunkett, G.M., P.P. Lowry II, D.G. Frodin, and J. Wen. 2005. Phylogeny and
geography of Schefflera: pervasive polyphyly in the largest genus of Araliaceae.
Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 92: 202-224.
Tronchet, F., G.M. Plunkett, J. JŽrŽmie, P.P. Lowry II. 2005. Monophyly and
major clades of Meryta (Araliaceae). Systematic Botany 30: 657-670.
Plunkett, G.M., P.P. Lowry II, N. V. Vu. 2004. Phylogenetic relationships
among Polyscias (Araliaceae) and close relatives from the Indian Ocean basin.
International Journal of Plant Sciences, 165: 861-873.
Yi, T., P.P. Lowry II, G.M. Plunkett, and J. Wen. 2004. Chromosomal Evolution
in Araliaceae s. lat. Taxon, 53: 987-1005.
Plunkett, G.M., G.T. Chandler, P.P. Lowry II, S.M. Pinney, and T.S. Sprenkle.
2004. Recent advances in understanding Apiales and a revised classification.
S. Africa. J. Bot., 70: 371-381.
Lowry, P.P. II, G.M. Plunkett, and J. Wen. 2004. Generic relationships
in core Araliaceae: looking into the crystal ball. S. Africa. J. Bot., 70: 382-392.
Plunkett, G.M., J. Wen, and P. P. Lowry II. 2004. Infrafamilial relationships
in Araliaceae: insights from plastid (trnL-trnF) and nuclear (ITS) sequence data.
Plant Systematics and Evolution, 245: 1-39.
Chandler, G. T., and G. M. Plunkett. 2004. Evolution in Apiales:
nuclear and chloroplast markers together in (almost) perfect harmony.
Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 144: 123-147.
Eibl, J.M., G.M. Plunkett, and P.P. Lowry II. 2001. Evolution of
Polyscias sect. Tieghemopanax (Araliaceae) based on nuclear and
chloroplast DNA sequence data. Adansonia, sŽr. 3, 23: 23-48.
Plunkett, G.M., and P.P. Lowry. 2001. Relationships among
"Ancient Araliads" and their significance for the systematics of Apiales.
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 19: 259-276.
Wen, J., G.M. Plunkett, A. D. Mitchell, and S. J. Wagstaff. 2001. The
evolution of Araliaceae: a phylogenetic analysis based on ITS sequences of nuclear
ribosomal DNA. Systematic Botany, 26: 144-167.
Plunkett, G. M. 2001. "The relationship of the order Apiales to subclass Asteridae:
a re-evaluation of morphological characters based on insights from molecular data."
Edinburgh Journal of Botany, 58: 183-200.
Watson, M. F., G. M. Plunkett, S. R. Downie, and P. P. Lowry II. 2001.
Evolution, biogeography, and systematics of the Apiales (Araliaceae and Apiaceae)
[The introduction to an edited symposium volume].
Edinburgh Journal of Botany, 58: 179-181.
Schlessman, M.A., G.M. Plunkett, P.P. Lowry II, and D.G. Lloyd. 2001.
"Sexual systems of New Caledonian Araliaceae: A preliminary phylogenetic reappraisal."
Edinburgh Journal of Botany, 58: 221-228.
Downie, S.R., G.M. Plunkett, M.F. Watson, K. Spalik, D.S. Katz-Downie,
K.M. Valiejo-Roman, E.I. Terentieva, M.G. Pimenov, A.V. Troitsky, B.-Y. Lee,
and J. Lahham. 2001. "Major Clade Determination in Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae:
the Contribution of Molecular Data." Edinburgh Journal of Botany, 58: 301-330.
Lowry, P.P. II, G.M. Plunkett, and A.A. Oskolski. 2001. "Evolution of early lineages
in Araliales: insights from morphology, wood anatomy and molecular data." Edinburgh Journal
of Botany, 58: 207-220.
Plunkett, G.M., P. P. Lowry, and M.K. Burke. 2001. The phylogenetic status
of Polyscias (Araliaceae) based on nuclear ITS sequence data. Annals of the Missouri
Botanical Garden, 88: 213-230.
Plunkett, G.M., and S.R. Downie. 2000. Expansion and contraction of the
chloroplast inverted repeat in Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae. Systematic Botany, 25: 648-667.
Plunkett, G.M., and S.R. Downie. 1999. Major lineages within Apiaceae subfamily
Apioideae: a comparison of chloroplast restriction site and
DNA sequence data. American Journal of Botany 86: 1014Ð1026.
Plunkett, G.M., D.E. Soltis, and P.S. Soltis. 1997. Clarification of the relationship
between Apiaceae and Araliaceae based on matK and rbcL sequence data.
American Journal of Botany 84: 565-580.
Plunkett, G.M., D.E. Soltis, and P.S. Soltis. 1996. Evolutionary patterns in
Apiaceae: inferences based on matK sequence data. Systematic Botany 21: 477-495..
Plunkett, G.M., D.E. Soltis, and P.S. Soltis. 1996. Higher level relationships
of Apiales (Apiaceae and Araliaceae) based on phylogenetic analysis of rbcL sequences.
American Journal of Botany 83: 499-515.
Soltis, P.S., G.M. Plunkett, S.J. Novak, and D.E. Soltis. 1995.
Genetic variation in Tragopogon species: additional origins of the allotetraploids
T. mirus and T. miscellus (Compositae). American Journal of Botany
82: 1329-1341.
Plunkett, G.M., D.E. Soltis, P.S. Soltis, and R.E. Brooks. 1995.
Phylogenetic relationships between Juncaceae and Cyperaceae: insights from rbcL
sequence data. American Journal of Botany 82: 520-525.
Plunkett, G.M., and G.W. Hall. 1995. Vascular
flora and vegetation of western Isle of Wight County, Virginia. Castanea 60:
30-59.
Chase, M. W., D. E. Soltis, R. G. Olmstead, D. Morgan, D. H. Les, B. D. Mishler,
M. R. Duvall, R. A. Price, H. G. Hills, Y.-L. Qiu, K. A. Kron, J. H. Rettig, E.
Conti, J. D. Palmer, J. H. Manhart, K. J. Sytsma, H. J. Michaels, W. J. Kress, K.
G. Karol, W. D. Clark, M. HedrŽn, B. S. Gaut, R. K. Jansen, K.-J. Kim, C. F.
Wimpee, J. F. Smith, G. R. Furnier, S. H. Strauss, Q.-Y. Xiang, G. M.
Plunkett, P. S. Soltis, S. M. Swensen, S. E. Williams, P. A. Gadek, C. J. Quinn,
L. E. Eguiarte, E. Golenberg, G. H. Learn, S. W. Graham, S. C. H. Barrett, S.
Dayanandan, and V. A. Albert. 1993. Phylogenetics of seed plants: an analysis
of nucleotide sequences from the plastid gene rbcL. Annals of the Missouri
Botanical Garden 80: 528-580.
Papers Presented at International Meetings:
Plunkett, G.M. and P.P. Lowry II. 2007. Evolution and Biogeography in Melanesian
Schefflera (Araliaceae): a Preliminary Assessment Based on ITS and ETS Sequence Data.
National Meetings of the Botanical Society of America & the American Society of Plant Taxonomists,
Chicago, IL.
Nicolas, A.N. and G.M. Plunkett. 2007. Placement of the Hydrocotyloids Based on a
New Phylogeny with Expanded Sampling across the Order Apiales. National Meetings of the
Botanical Society of America & the American Society of Plant Taxonomists, Chicago, IL.
Fiaschi, P., G.M. Plunkett, and P.P Lowry II. 2007. What do we know about
Neotropical Schefflera (Araliaceae)?: A first molecular phylogenetic analysis. National
Meetings of the Botanical Society of America & the American Society of Plant Taxonomists,
Chicago, IL.
De Villiers, B.J., B.-E. van Wyk, P.M. Tilney, G.M. Plunkett, and P.P. Lowry II, 2007.
The taxonomic significance of leaf anatomical characters in Cussonia (Araliaceae).
South African Journal of Botany 73: 285. Annual Congress of the South African Association of
Botanists, University of Cape Town.
Plunkett, G.M. and P.P. Lowry II. 2005. Phylogenetic and biogeographic
relationships in Polyscias s. lat. (Araliaceae). XVIIth International Botanical Congress,
Vienna, Austria.
Tronchet, F., G.M. Plunkett, J. JŽrŽmie, and P.P. Lowry II. 2005. Phylogeny
and biogeography of the Pacific genus Meryta (Araliaceae) based on ITS and ETS sequence
data. XVIIth International Botanical Congress, Vienna, Austria.
Plunkett, G.M. and P.P. Lowry II. 2005. Polyscias s. lat. (Araliaceae) in
the Indian Ocean basin: paraphyly, polyphyly, and multiple dispersals. Fifth
International Apiales Symposium, Vienna, Austria.
Lowry, P.P. II & G.M. Plunkett. 2005. Breaking up is hard to do: a road
map to generic realignments in Polyscias s. lat. and Schefflera s. lat. (Araliaceae). Fifth
International Apiales Symposium, Vienna, Austria.
Tronchet, F., G.M. Plunkett, J. JŽrŽmie, and P.P. Lowry II. 2005. Phylogeny,
biogeography and morphology of the Pacific genus Meryta (Araliaceae). Fifth International
Apiales Symposium, Vienna, Austria.
Wen, J., C. Lee, G.M. Plunkett, and P.P. Lowry II. 2005. Diversity and
evolution of Araliaceae in Asia. Fifth International Apiales Symposium, Vienna, Austria.
Chandler, G.T., S.M. Pinney, L.W. Cayzer, G.M. Plunkett. 2005. A Molecular
systematic study and overview of Pittosporaceae. Fifth International Apiales Symposium,
Vienna, Austria.
Nicolas, A.N., G.M. Plunkett, B.L. Brown. 2005. Evolution and taxonomy
of clupeid subfamily Alosinae. Northeast Fish and Wildlife Conference, Virginia Beach, VA.
Plunkett, G.M., P.P. Lowry II, and N.V. Vu. 2004. Paraphyly, polyphyly, and geography in Polyscias sensu lato (Araliaceae): examples from the Indian Ocean Basin clade. National Meetings of the Botanical Society of America & the American Society of Plant Taxonomists, Snowbird, UT.
Chandler, G.T., G.M. Plunkett, and S.M. Pinney. 2004. A beginners guide to Pittosporaceae: a first molecular phylogeny. National Meetings of the Botanical Society of America & the American Society of Plant Taxonomists, Snowbird, UT.
Tronchet, F., G.M. Plunkett, J. Jeremie, and P.P. Lowry. 2004. Phylogeny of Meryta (Araliaceae) based on nuclear ribosomal ITS and ETS sequence data. National Meetings of the Botanical Society of America & the American Society of Plant Taxonomists, Snowbird, UT.
Wen, J., C. Lee, G.M. Plunkett, and P.P. Lowry II. 2004. Evolution of Araliaceae in Asia: inference from the ITS, ndhF, trnL-F, and morphological data. National Meetings of the Botanical Society of America & the American Society of Plant Taxonomists, Snowbird, UT.
Lowry, P.P. II, G.M. Plunkett, and J. Wen. 2003. Araliaceae in Africa and Madagascar: major taxonomic changes resulting from recent phylogenetic studies." AETFAT Congress (= Association for the Taxonomic Study of the Tropical African Flora), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Chandler, G.T., and G.M. Plunkett. 2003. The phylogenetic placement and evolutionary significance of the polyphyletic subfamily Hydrocotyloideae (Apiaceae). National Meetings of the Botanical Society of America & the American Society of Plant Taxonomists, Mobile, AL.
Yi, T., P.P. Lowry II, G.M. Plunkett, and J. Wen. 2003. Chromosomal evolution in the Araliaceae. National Meetings of the Botanical Society of America & the American Society of Plant Taxonomists, Mobile, AL.
Sprenkle, T.S., G.M. Plunkett, and P.P. Lowry II. 2003. Molecular systematics of tribe Myodocarpeae (Araliaceae s.l.). National Meetings of the Botanical Society of America & the American Society of Plant Taxonomists, Mobile, AL.
Plunkett, G.M., J. Wen, and P.P. Lowry II. 2003. Phylogeny of Araliaceae, Part I: Broad Patterns of Infrafamial Relationships. International Apiales Symposium, Pretoria, South Africa.
Lowry II, P.P., J. Wen, and G.M. Plunkett. 2003. Phylogeny of Araliaceae, Part II: Inter- and Intrageneric Relationships. International Apiales Symposium, Pretoria, South Africa.
Plunkett, G.M., G.T. Chandler, and S.M. Pinney. 2003. Apiales around the Edges: Relationships in and among the "Fringe Families." International Apiales Symposium, Pretoria, South Africa.
Plunkett, G.M., P.P. Lowry, D.G. Frodin. 2002. Molecular data suggest that Schefflera (Araliaceae) is polyphyletic: morphological, biogeographic, and taxonomic implications. National Meetings of the Botanical Society of America & the American Society of Plant Taxonomists, Madison, WI.
Chandler, G.T., and G.M. Plunkett. 2002. Recent advances in the resolution of intra-ordinal affinities in the Apiales: evidence from 26S rDNA. National Meetings of the Botanical Society of America & the American Society of Plant Taxonomists, Madison, WI.
Reid, J.D., G.M. Plunkett, and G.A. Peters. 2002. Systematics of the genus Azolla (Azollaceae). National Meetings of the Botanical Society of America & the American Society of Plant Taxonomists, Madison, WI.
Plunkett, G.M., P.P. Lowry II, and J.M. Eibl. 2001. Evolution and Speciation in New Caledonian Araliaceae. National Meetings of the Botanical Society of America & the American Society of Plant Taxonomists, Albuquerque, N.M.
Vu, N.V., G.M. Plunkett, and P.P. Lowry II. 2001. Phylogenetic study of Madagascan Polyscias and close relatives in the Ginseng family (Araliaceae). National Meetings of the Botanical Society of America & the American Society of Plant Taxonomists, Albuquerque, N.M.
Vu, N.V., G.M. Plunkett, and P.P. Lowry II. 2001. Molecular data are consistent with geographic distribution but not with morphological treatment of Malagasy Polyscias and related genera (Araliaceae, ginseng). National meetings of the American Institute of Biological Sciences, Washington, DC.
Plunkett, G.M., P.P. Lowry, J.M. Eibl, and N.V. Vu. 2000. The phylogenetic status of Schefflera and Polyscias: the non-monophyly of the two largest genera in Araliaceae. Amer. J. Bot. 87 (6): in press. Botanical Society of America/American Society of Plant Taxonomists meetings (August 2000), Portland, Oregon.
Plunkett, G.M., A.A. Oskolski (presenter), and P.P. Lowry. 2000. "Relationships of Polyscias (Araliaceae): Insights from Molecular and Comparative Wood-Anatomical Data." Symopsium on Plant Systematics and Evolution, Moscow, Russia.
Plunkett, G. M. 1999. The relationship of the order Apiales to subclass Asteridae: a re-evaluation of morphological characters based on insights from molecular data. XVI International Botanical Congress, St. Louis, MO.
Downie, S.R., G.M. Plunkett, M.F. Watson, D.S. Katz-Downie, K. Spalik, and B. Lee. 1999. Major clade delimitation within Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae. XVI International Botanical Congress, St. Louis, MO.
Lowry, P.P., G.M. Plunkett, and A.A. Oskolski. 1999. Evolution of early lineages in Araliales: insights from morphology, wood anatomy and molecular data. XVI International Botanical Congress, St. Louis, MO.
Schlessman, M.A., G.M. Plunkett, P.P. Lowry, and D.G. Lloyd. 1999. Sexual systems of New Caledonian Araliaceae: A preliminary phylogenetic reappraisal. XVI International Botanical Congress, St. Louis, MO.
Plunkett, G. M. 1998. Endemic araliad genera from New Caledonia and their implications for phylogeny and taxonomy in Araliales (Apiaceae and Araliaceae). AIBS/BSA Meetings, Baltimore, Maryland.
Plunkett, G.M., and S.R. Downie. 1997. Phylogeny of Apioideae (Apiaceae): a comparison of chloroplast restriction site data to DNA sequence data. Evolution Meetings, Boulder.
Plunkett, G.M., and D.E. Soltis. 1996. Evolutionary and geographic patterns in the family pair Apiaceae-Araliaceae
based on matK and rbcL sequence data.
American Journal of Botany 83 (6): 187. AIBS Meetings, Seattle.
Downie, S. R., G. M. Plunkett, S. Ramanath, D. S. Katz-Downie, D. E. Soltis, and P. S. Soltis. 1996. Relationships in Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae as inferred by phylogenetic analyses of chloroplast and nuclear DNA sequences. American Journal of Botany 83 (6): 153. AIBS Meetings, Seattle.
Plunkett, G.M., P.S. Soltis, D.E. Soltis, and D.R. Morgan. 1995. Phylogeny,
geography, and radiation of Proteaceae. Molecular Evolution and Adaptive
Radiation Symposium, Evolution Meetings, Montreal.
Plunkett, G.M., D.E. Soltis, P.S. Soltis. 1994. Phylogenetic relationships within and between Araliaceae and Apiaceae based on rbcL and matK sequence data. American Journal of Botany 81(6): 180. AIBS Meetings, Knoxville.
Plunkett, G.M., D.E. Soltis, P.S. Soltis, and R. Brooks. 1993. Phylogenetic relationships between Juncaceae and Cyperaceae based on rbcL sequence data. American Journal of Botany 80(6): 170.
AIBS Meetings, Ames.
Plunkett, G.M., D.E. Soltis, and P.S. Soltis. 1992. Molecular
phylogenetic study of Apiales (Apiaceae, Araliaceae, and Pittosporaceae).
American Journal of Botany 79(6): 158. AIBS Meetings, Honolulu.
Plunkett, G.M., S.J. Novak, P.S. Soltis, and D.E. Soltis. 1991. Molecular
evidence of multiple origins in the allotetraploids Tragopogon miscellus and T.
mirus (Asteraceae). American Journal of Botany 78(6): 210. AIBS Meetings, San
Antonio.
International Symposia:
Symposium Co-organizer: "Apiales V: The Fifth International Symposium on Apiales."
Vienna, Austria. July 24-26, 2005.
Symposium Principal-Organizer, and Proceedings Co-Editor: "Evolution, biogeography,
and systematics of Apiales (Araliaceae and Apiaceae)." A General Symposium presented at the XVI International Botanical Congress (St. Louis, 1999).
The proceedings of this symposium were published together in an issue of the Edinburgh Journal of Botany (Volume 58, No. 2, 2001).
Presenter in the "Phylogeny and systematics of the Asteridae" Symposium, XVI International Botanical Congress, St. Louis, 1999. NB: This symposium was independent of the one described above.
Presenter (2 papers) at "Apiales Symposium IV," Pretoria, South Africa, January 2003.
Project Organizer:
Families and Genera of Vascular Plants: Apiaceae & Araliaceae.
Principle organizer for multi-authored family and generic treatments of Apiaceae,
Araliaceae, and several other related families.
Invited Seminars:
Universidade de Sao Paulo (Brazil), Departmento de Botanico, August 2007.
Bishop Museum, Department of Natural Sciences. May 2007.
Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Biology. Sept. 2004.
Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History. June 2004.
Missouri Botanical Garden. August 2003.
North Carolina State University. April 2002.
George Washington University, Department of Biological Sciences. Oct. 2001.
University of Richmond, Department of Biology. Oct. 2001.
Boise State University, Department of Biology. May, 2001.
University of Kansas, Dept. Ecology & Evolutionary Biol./Natural Hist. Museum. 1999.
Vassar College, Department of Biology. 1999.
University of Alberta, Department of Biological Sciences. 1996.
University of Alaska Fairbanks, Institute of Arctic Biology. 1995.
Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Biology. 1995.
Kent State University, Department of Biological Sciences. 1995.
Northeast Missouri State University, Division of Science. 1995.