Ancient association of cyanobacterial multicellularity with the
regulator HetR and an RGSGR pentapeptide-containing protein (PatX)

Jeff Elhai,¹ Ivan Khudyakov,^2
1Center for the Study of Biological Complexity, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, U.S.A.
²All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, Saint-Petersburg 196608, Russia

(Molecular Microbiology (2018) 110:931-954)

Summary

Graphical abstract and plain language summary

Text of article

References

Figure legends

Table 1

Figures

   Fig. 1: Model and proposed realization of a reaction-diffusion system

   Fig. 2: Overview of phylogenetic tree, rooted by Gloeobacter violaceus PCC 7421

   Fig. 3: Phylogenetic tree of cyanobacterial genomes and presence of key regulatory proteins

   Fig. 4: Alignment of HetR proteins

   Fig. 5: Amino acid sequences of candidate PatS proteins

   Fig. 6: Amino acid sequences of candidate PatX proteins

   Fig. 7: Conserved amino acid residues in PatS and PatX

   Fig. 8: Conserved nucleotides upstream from patS, patX, and DIF1-motif-containing regions

   Fig. 9: Kinetics of P_patX-gfp and P_patS-gfp reporters expression in Anabaena PCC 7120

   Fig. 10: Ectopic overexpression of patX on diazotrophic growth and heterocyst differentiation in Anabaena PCC 7120

Supporting Figures

   Fig. S1: Genetic context of hetR in organisms close to Geitlerinema PCC 7105

   Fig. S2: Phylogenetic tree of HetR sequences

   Fig. S3: Full alignment of HetR proteins

   Fig. S4: Phylogenetic tree of HetN-like sequences

   Fig. S5: Scan of genomes with PatS- and PatX-based PSSMs

   Fig. S6: Upstream sequences of DIF1-containing transcriptional start sites in Anabaena PCC 7120

   Fig. S7: patS upstream sequences

   Fig. S8: patX upstream sequences in heterocyst-forming cyanobacteria

   Fig. S9: Characteristics of TCCGGA sites in genome of Anabaena PCC 7120

   Fig. S10: Plasmids used in this study

Supporting Tables

   Table S1: Genomes used in study

   Table S2: Orthologs used to construct phylogenetic trees

   Table S3: Sequences of orthologs used to construct phylogenetic trees

   Table S4: patS and surroundings, coordinates, and sequences

   Table S5: patX, hetR, and surroundings, coordinates, and sequences

   Table S6: ntcA coordinates and sequences

   Table S7: Predicted expression level of patS of Anabeana PCC 7120 from different start sites

   Table S8: Scans of genomes with PSSMs trained on PatS or PatX sequences

   Table S9: Characteristics of TCCGGA sites in Anabaena PCC 7120